Microbiological Hand Swab Reports For Your Workers
This test also reflects the unit's hand washing , personeel hygiene training effectiveness . Most of the bakeries have hand washing dispenser installed at various exit and entry points as per their worker strength alongwith some anti bacterial soap solution and driers . Regular training are imparted to make worker learn the importance of hand washing in making bakery product contamination free . Swabs from machinery could also be sent alongwith these samples for the report .
They are several NABL approved labs which conducts these test and give reports against small fee. These swabs test sample are collected to determine the presence of microbes on food handler hands .
Microbes investigated are
ESCHERICHIA COLI Ref IS : 5887 ( part i 1976)
STAPHYLOCOCCUS SUREUS Ref IS : 5887 ( part ii )
SALMONELLA Ref IS : 5887 ( part iii )
CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS /BOTULINUM Ref IS : 5887 ( part iv )
VIBRIO CHOLERAE /PARAHAEMOLYTICUS Ref IS : 5887 ( part v )
B. CERUS - Ref IS : 5887 ( part vi )
Ref be made to BIS standards for minimum quantity permissible for bacteria mentioned above in hand swabs .Absence of these harmful bacterial would be the best results for the bakeries .
Micro zap Technology To Increase The Shelf Life Of Bread
In normal condition the bread shelf in not more than 4-5 days for which the manufacturers have added preservatives and anti oxidant which definitely have some adverse impact on human body . The molds and fungus gets appearing from the 5th or 6 th day in storage thus making it stale .The packaging material which becomes moist while keeping the bread under wrap contributes to fungal growth . Food technologist have been trying to devise recipes or alternative packaging material which could kill these microbes for better shelf life thus reducing food waste in many countries .
To tackle this short shelf issue scientist s and researches at Micro zap have invented a new microwave technology to kill spores and molds for higher shelf which could be as long as 60 days .
A report
In normal conditions bread will go mouldy in around 10 days.
But an American company called Microzap says they have developed a technique that will keep the bread mould free for two months.At their laboratory on the campus of Texas Tech University in Lubbock, chief executive Don Stull showed off the long, metallic microwave device that resembles an industrial production line. Originally designed to kill bacteria such as MRSA and salmonella, the researchers discovered it could kill the mould spores in bread in around 10 seconds."We treated a slice of bread in the device, we then checked the mould that was in that bread over time against a control,” he explained."And at 60 days it had the same mould content as it had when it came out of the oven."
Micro zap rep also claims that this technology would not affect the taste ,texture and bread would be as fresh as it was on the day of production .The technology they are putting up is called cold pasteurization and as microwave employs pulsed power and multiple radio-frequency sources which will ensure energy is transmitted to the food in an even way.
source
thedailystar.net
visit microzap website :http://microzap.net
Britannia's Atta Bread
Atta bread is slightly different with wheat flour content as it has more fibre % then Brown bread or whole wheat bread .Britannia Atta bread has 22% of whole wheat flour as declared in lable thus we can conclude that rest of flour 25-30% is wheat flour ( maida ) as ingredient .
Competition for Brown and Atta breads comes f rom formidable presence of local brands such as Mrs Bector s English oven , Harvest Gold and Bonn Bread
Britannia Diwali Gift Pack - Shubh Kamanayien
| Britannia Gift Packs For Festive Season |
Shubh Kamanayien Pack consists various biscuit pack such as Maska -Chaska , Goodday , Bourbon etc.
Glucose Biscuits Looses Out To Cream Biscuits & Cookies
We can place following cream biscuits brands in three level on price comparison
Top premium cream biscuits
Pure magic ( Britannia ) Dark Fantasy ( ITC ) Choco Kiss ( Unibic )
Middle level cream biscuits
Oreo ( Kraft ) , Orange cream ( Mcvities ) , Bourbon ( Britannia ) , Bourbon ( Parle & ITC )
Bottom level
Kremes ( Parle ) , Treats ( Britannia ) , Tiger creams ( Britannia ) , Creams (ITC ) , Creams ( Priya gold )
With small packs cream biscuits are now available for rural markets and people are buying out these in large number instead of popular biscuits such as glucose biscuits .
This sales fig are for months Apr -Sept sales ( Nielsen data ) shows the drop in glucose biscuit sale
![]() |
| source - ET |
Read more on this
ET
US Bakery Market Is Worth $ 30 Billion
US is the largest bakery product manufacturer in the world with China and India ranked 2nd & 3rd respectively .Bakery market revenue is estimated to $ 30 Billion per year .Average consumption of bakery products by Americans is about 25.4 kg per capita .
A report
The US bakery industry includes about 2,800 commercial bakeries with combined annual revenue of about $30 billion, along with about 6,000 retail bakeries with combined annual revenue of about $3 billion. Major companies include Hostess Brands, Flowers Foods, and Bimbo Bakeries USA (the US operations of Mexico's Grupo Bimbo). The commercial side of the industry is concentrated: the 50 largest companies generate 75 percent of revenue. The retail side of the industry is highly fragmented: the 50 largest companies generate about 15 percent of revenue, and the typical company operates just one facility.
Demand is driven by consumer preferences and by the extent to which grocery stores choose to operate their own bakeries rather than buy from commercial bakeries. Profitability for individual companies is determined by efficiency of operations. Large companies have scale advantages in procurement, production, and distribution. Small companies can compete by offering specialty goods or superior local distribution services. Retail bakeries are labor-intensive: average annual revenue per worker is about $45,000.
Major products include baked breads, mainly white, wheat and rye, which account for 40 percent of commercial bakery sales. About 20 percent of sales come from rolls, buns, muffins, bagels and croissants; 10 percent from soft cakes; and the rest from pies, pastries, donuts and a variety of sweet goods.
source - www.researchandmarkets.com
Baking Tip : Why Does Bread Collapse During Baking
Effect on bread
- Flattened( Collapsed) bread have large holes
- Collapsed bread texture
- Sour taste
- Use of weak flour could lead to weak texture which can not hold the
- Ambient temperature and quantity of yeast added
- Excess Fermentation - Qty of yeast or duration given for fermentation/Standing time
- Less salt or low salt during mixing process
- Deviation from standard mixing time /
- Improper water addition
- Over Proving
- High dough temperature check the temp of ingredient added plus ambient temperature higher the temperature higher would be the yeast activity which would over ferment the dough
- Excess humidity in prover .
Remedies
- Use strong flour - check parameter of flour before using it for production
- Reduce yeast quantity
- Reduce fermentation time
- Add salt of normal or standard quantity
- Reduce water quantity during mixing from earlier mixing
- Check proving time
- Reduce the dough temperature- check ingredient temperature . use chilled water if required .
- Reduce the final prover temperature - check the dough lift in the moulds to adjust the proving time
- Adjust the humidity
Bakery Trends In China
Chinese bakery industry is witnessing high growth alongwith its other industry . Rapid urbanization ,changing food habits and increase in middle class income are factors in making bakery products popular in China
Singapore bakery chain BreadTalk, for instance, said it has plans to increase its number of mainland outlets from 300 to 550 in the next couple of years.
Read more on chinadaily.com
Top 10 Chinese Biscuit Manufacturers
Here are Top 10 biscuit manufacturer of China in terms of sales revenue and market share
Orion Food Co Ltd
Jinan Dali Food Co Ltd
PepsiCo Food (China) Co Ltd
Luohe Hengda Co Ltd
Oishi (China) Co Ltd
Anyang Jianfeng Food Co Ltd
Hubei Dali Food Co Ltd
Fujian Fuma Food Group Co Ltd
Fujian Dali Food Group Co Ltd
Chengdu Dali Food Co Ltd.
Source : Allchinareport.com
Malpractices Prevalent In Bakeries
Consumers have to remain vigilant on this front as to report immediately to the concerned authorities if they find any thing missing either in taste or any health related issues after consuming these baked items .Following are signs for poor quality of baked items such as
Presence of foreign particles ( metal , sands , insects , threads , plastic , wrapper )
Pungent small
Fungus or bacterial growth
Poor packaging - seal broken or open packs
Misleading labels ( ingredients , allergens , date )
Poor taste
Stale items
Burnt small or taste
Less Weights
Adulteration by mixing low grade especially cheap and low nutrient material
Mixing inferior items with ingredients or diluting standard recipes for profit
Substitution of ingredients lesser known or inferior brand
Bakeries would buy inferior brands at very low cost to save money and make profits at the cost of consumers well being
Recycling of spoiled material
Many bakeries are found to recycle waste dough or rejected material to cut down waste thus lowering quality of product .
Unsanitary working condition
Manufacturers are found to neglect the sanitation and hygiene part of process to which cases of infestation and report of foreign particles in product are reported by consumers. Not having enough staff to do the cleaning of factory premises .
Lack of personal hygiene and sanitation
Lack of monitoring and neglecting personal hygiene aspects of food handler to save cost .
Use of fraudulent weights and measures
Giving less weight as declared on pack weight or playing with moisture content to have heavier product at the risk of product quality .
Not all bakeries adopt these malpractices but for few who indulge in these methods to make quick profit. Regulators and consumers should remain vigilant against such malpractices .
The Bakemans Story
What Went Wrong with a Once-Popular North Indian Brand: The Bakemans Story
In the annals of India’s fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry, several brands have risen rapidly, captured consumer imagination, and then quietly faded away. Among these cautionary tales stands Bakemans, a once-popular North Indian bakery brand that had everything going for it—strong regional loyalty, competitive pricing, and a wide product portfolio spanning biscuits, bread, and cakes. Yet, despite its early promise, Bakemans eventually lost its footing and was sold to a Sri Lankan company, marking the end of an ambitious Indian growth story.
The fall of Bakemans is not merely the story of one company’s missteps; it is a broader lesson for regional brands aspiring to go national in a highly competitive and capital-intensive industry.
The Rise of a Regional Powerhouse
During the 1990s, Bakemans Industries emerged as a formidable challenger in India’s biscuit market. Operating primarily out of North India—especially Uttar Pradesh—the brand carved out a strong niche in everyday biscuit categories such as Marie and Glucose. These were high-volume, price-sensitive segments dominated by giants like Britannia and Parle Products.
What set Bakemans apart was its aggressive pricing strategy. By offering biscuits at lower price points while maintaining acceptable quality, the brand quickly gained traction among value-conscious consumers. At its peak, Bakemans commanded an impressive 13% market share, largely concentrated in Uttar Pradesh. For a regional player, this was no small achievement.
Retailers were happy to stock the brand due to faster off-take, and consumers trusted it as a dependable, affordable alternative to national brands. Within its home territory, Bakemans was not just competing—it was winning.
During the 1990s, Bakemans Industries emerged as a formidable challenger in India’s biscuit market. Operating primarily out of North India—especially Uttar Pradesh—the brand carved out a strong niche in everyday biscuit categories such as Marie and Glucose.
A Broad Biscuit Portfolio
Bakemans wasn’t just about the basics. The brand’s lineup spanned an impressive range to suit every taste and occasion—from classic tea-time favorites to indulgent treats for children. Alongside staples like Marie and Glucose, Bakemans offered:
- Choco Mate (15g, 203g) – a chocolatey option for sweet cravings
- Ovaltine (220g) and Horlicks (72g, 220g) – biscuits inspired by iconic malted drinks
- Saltice (34g, 240g) – a lightly salted snack
- Bahtar (72g, 170g) and Coconut Craze (72g, 170g) – catering to those who preferred something a little different
- Lexus (15g, 36g, 180g) and Glaze (16g, 40g, 180g) – for fans of crisp, glazed biscuits
- Digestive Biscuits (34g, 102g) – a wholesome, fiber-rich choice
- Choco Supreme Cookies (150g), Choco Melt Cookies (70g), and Chocoboost (72g, 212g) – satisfying the chocolate lovers
- Short Bread Cookies (87g, 130g) and Malted Crunch Cookies (87g, 135g) – a nod to international tastes
- Black & White Vanilla Cream Biscuits (23g, 53g) – the perfect lunchbox treat for kids
- Yum Potato Crackers (15g) and Yum O's Chips (15g) – savory snacks to round out the mix
This diverse product selection ensured Bakemans was a familiar sight in households, school tiffins, and local grocery stores alike, with pack sizes ranging from single-serve to family packs. Whether you sought a wholesome bite or a chocolate indulgence, Bakemans had something for everyone—a key factor in its rise during the competitive biscuit boom of the era.
The Ambition to Go National
Buoyed by its regional success, Bakemans set its sights on becoming a pan-India brand. On paper, the logic seemed sound. If the brand could challenge industry leaders in its core markets, why not replicate that success across the country?
However, this decision marked the beginning of Bakemans’ troubles.
Expanding nationally in the FMCG and bakery space requires far more than a good product and competitive pricing. It demands deep pockets, robust supply chains, distribution muscle, and sustained marketing investment. National players like Britannia and Parle had spent decades building these capabilities. Bakemans underestimated the scale and complexity of this challenge.
The Cost of Expansion and Mounting Losses
As Bakemans pushed into new markets, costs began to spiral. Setting up or accessing manufacturing facilities, building distributor networks, managing logistics across states, and investing in brand visibility required significant capital. Unlike its competitors, Bakemans did not have the financial buffer to absorb prolonged losses.
The price wars that worked in Uttar Pradesh did not translate well nationally. In unfamiliar markets, Bakemans lacked brand recall, forcing it to spend more on promotions and trade incentives. Margins thinned, volumes didn’t ramp up as expected, and losses began to accumulate.
What had once been a profitable regional operation now found itself deep in the red.
A Fatal Misstep: Raising Prices at Home
In an attempt to stem losses from national expansion, Bakemans made a critical and ultimately fatal decision: it raised prices in its core market of Uttar Pradesh.
This move proved disastrous.
Bakemans’ dominance in UP was built almost entirely on value pricing. Consumers who had chosen Bakemans over Britannia or Parle did so primarily because it was cheaper. When prices went up, that core advantage disappeared overnight. Loyal customers began drifting back to established national brands that offered stronger brand assurance at similar price points.
The result was swift and unforgiving. Bakemans not only failed to become a national brand, it also lost its leadership position in the very market it once ruled.
Loss of Identity and Strategic Focus
One of the most damaging aspects of Bakemans’ decline was the loss of strategic clarity. Instead of strengthening its regional stronghold before expanding, the company attempted to grow too fast, too soon.
In hindsight, Bakemans might have benefited from:
-
Consolidating its leadership in North India
-
Expanding selectively into adjacent regions
-
Building manufacturing and distribution capabilities gradually
-
Protecting its core price-sensitive consumer base
Instead, it stretched itself thin—financially and operationally—without adequately protecting its foundation.
Sale to a Sri Lankan Company: A Troubled End
As losses mounted and market share eroded, Bakemans was eventually put up for sale. The acquisition by a Sri Lankan biscuit company was expected to revive the brand through fresh capital and management expertise.
Unfortunately, the turnaround never materialized.
Cultural differences, integration challenges, and unresolved structural issues meant that even the acquisition failed to restore Bakemans to its former glory. What was once a feared challenger to India’s biggest biscuit brands became a footnote in industry history.
Lessons for Regional Brands and Entrepreneurs
The Bakemans story serves as a grim but valuable reminder for regional brands aspiring to go national:
-
Regional success does not automatically scale nationally
Consumer behavior, distribution economics, and competitive dynamics change dramatically across regions. -
Never compromise your core strength
Bakemans’ biggest mistake was alienating its home-market consumers by raising prices. -
Expansion requires patient capital
National FMCG growth is a long-term game that demands sustained investment. -
Protect your brand positioning
Value brands must be especially cautious with pricing decisions. -
Growth should be phased, not rushed
Strategic, step-by-step expansion often outperforms aggressive national rollouts.
Conclusion
Bakemans was not a failure of product or potential—it was a failure of strategy and execution. Its rise showed what a focused regional brand could achieve; its fall demonstrated the dangers of overambition without adequate preparation.
For today’s bakery and FMCG entrepreneurs, the Bakemans saga is a case study worth revisiting—not as a story of defeat, but as a lesson in sustainable growth, disciplined expansion, and the importance of never losing sight of your core consumer.
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How Safe Is Your Bakery From Fire Hazard ?
Plant were
- Get a insurance cover for accidents , fires for the factory
- Cleaning of oven periodically definitely would help .
- Have Emergency lights in different area
- Check all manual drives to take out things from oven
- Have Emergency number written in major production area
- Have mock drills in regular interval
- Check all fire safety equipments by third party
- Do the fire extinguishers refilling after the expired dates
- Designate some technical person as safety officer to concentrate on safety issues
- Get the NOC license from local bodies
- Training of workers for equipment used in process also helps in reduction of fire hazards
- Give safety ppe to workers in hot areas
- Use HOT working cards for jobs inside the
- Get fire hydrant installed for long term solution
- Have atleast UPS to drive the material out of ovens.
- Storage of Fuel and Gas to adhere to legal specification of the authorities .
- Install Fire extinguishers in plant
- Fire Hydrant Hose Pipes in several locations
- Install smoke and heat detectors in fire prone area .
1 Insurance Policy copy
2. Claim form
3. Fire brigade report
4. Police FIR
5. Witness statement ( any two ) first hand acct
6. Cause of accident in detail
7. Pics of the fire incident
8. List of damaged items
9. Log sheet of production report
10. Stock statement of the plant
11. Detail calculation of the loss
12 Raw mat cost supported by purchase invoices
13 Costing of WIP and FG
14. Destruction certificates for the burnt material
15 Balance sheet
16. Material to be kept till insurance company approves the damage and loss of material
Macadams International -World Major Bakery Equipment Manufacturer- A Profile
Established in 1904 Macadams have been manufacturing bakery equipments , packing machines and bake ware. Macadams International is wholly owned subsdiary of Universal Industries . It is based at Capetown , Blackheath , South Africa .Here are range of equipment manufactured by them
Baking Systems
Rack Ovens
Deck Ovens
Convection Ovens
Provers
Kneaders,Mixers,Bowl Hoists and Bulk Hoppers
Moulders
Dividers
Bread/Cake Slices
Pastry Sheeters
Industrial Frying Pan
Doughnut Fryer
Biscuit Machines
Water Chillers
Specialised Solutions
Food Service Solutions
Combi Oven
Chicken Grillers
Slicers
Foodwaste Disposers
Meal Merchandisers
Ice Cubers and Flakers
Fryers
Fridges,Freezers and Blast Chillers
Packaging
Dishwashers & Utensil Washers
Ovens
Premier Ranges
Oil Filtration Systems
Packaging Solutions
Macadams MacPak Automatic Packaging Machine
Macadams MacPak Horizontal Packaging Machine
Macadams MacPak Multiple Packaging Machine
HQ & Address
Macadams Business Park
School Street
Blackheath
Cape Town
75811
Phone: +27 (0) 21 907-1000
Fax: +27 (0) 21 907-1111
Email: info@macadams.co.za
Top 5 Major Global Cereal Companies
Here are the World Major Break fast cereal making companies with market share
Kelloggs - 32.1%
Corn Flakes , Crunchy Nuts , Frosted Flakes
General Mills - 10.6%
Cheerios , Trix and Lucky Charms
Cereal Partners World Wide - 9.8%
Nesquick , Fitness and Chocapic
Pepsico - 8.6%
Quaker s ,Puffed Wheat and Sugar Puffs
Ralcorp Holdings - 4.5 %
Private label brands
Source
Euromonitor
Mondelez International Comes Up With Oreo And Dairy Milk Chocolate Bar
This new chocolate bar would be introduced in UK market from this week as per the news reports . Kraft food has been innovating products to increase its sales in competitive UK's biscuit market . Should be a winning combination for consumers .
Source
marketingmagazine.co.uk
AIB To Open School On Baking In Greater Noida
AIB( American Institute of Baking) International School of Baking is committed to supporting the growth of the baking industry in the nation of India through professional training. By providing an opportunity for interested persons to learn the science and technology of baking, we hope to obtain a critical mass of proficiency that will allow bakery owners and managers to create new products, improve the quality of existing products, and assure that the bakeries are operating at lowest possible costs.
- Increased variety of bakery products available- some more nutritious and others more indulgent
- Increased employment opportunities as the industry grows
- Control of pricing through reduction of costs rather than government regulation
Mondelez A New Name For Cadbury India
Cadbury India would be now re -named as Mondelez as confirmed by news paper report . Cadbury India which has been taken over by Kraft Foods Inc in year 2010 has now been given new name as per Kraft food inc strategy to split it business into two new identity ie International business which includes Oreo , Nabisco other brands would be now under Mondelez International Brand where as North American local products retains Kraft Foods Group name.
As per the news report the brand cadbury would continue to be displayed with product with Mondelez replacing the manufacture name in labels . Indian subsdiary of Kraft Inc Cadbury are market leader in chocolate category and are now manufacturing OREO brand of biscuits under cadbury brand .Other products from Kraft Inc which are produced in India are Tang and Trident .
Source
ET
Parle Biscuits Nashik Plant Raided For Using Banned Ingredients
Even as this news doesn't have any relation to bakery but for the fact that manufacturers are adulterating foods by adding banned ingredients . It is necessary to spread awareness among consumers to be alert on food safety matters .Food laws are meant to prevent manufacturers to play around with consumer health .
As reports have come from different news sources about recent raid in Parle Biscuits Pvt Ltd Nashik (Gondegaon) factory for using lactic acid in its confectionery product " Kaccha Mango Bite " . The raid was conducted after news of several kids being admitted for food poisoning after eating this candy broke out . Lactic acid has been banned to be used in confectionery items . Raid was conducted by officials of FDA .
Lactic acid and raw material have been seized and sent for analysis as reported .
Source
The Hindu
Indian express
Popular Brands Of Bread In Australia
![]() |
| coutesy:goodman fielder |
Two major manufacturers of bread are
Goodman Fielder
Brands of Bread :
Country Life Bakery ,Flinders Bread,Freya's,Helga's,Helga's Seed Sensations,La Famiglia,Lawson's
Leaning Tower,MacKenzie,Mighty Soft,Molenberg,Nature's Fresh,Quality Bakers,Vogel's,Wonder White
![]() |
| courtesy : George weston foods |
George Weston Foods
Brands of Bread
Tip Top, Sunblest, 9 Grain, Noble Rise, UP, Burgen, Golden , Big Ben
Other popular bread brands in Australia are
Wool worth
Coles
Bakers Delight
Brumby's
Banjo's
Branding Of Ethnic Food Product
Here is an example of our own 'Gud KiChikki" - (Peanut in bar of jaggery ) . Expect few more ! . Malls and super markets have started putting up these products on shelf thus catering to local taste and products which is good for manufacturers . Few examples are rusk , bhujia , ghujia , gazaks , chiwda , varth related snacks etc .
10 words every baker should know
Bakers plays an important role in entire bakery process . The person on which entire product quality depends .The one who modify or changes parameters if something goes wrong he needs to fix the problem ,Thus for him following 10 parameters or bakery terms are critical
- Dough Temperature
- Gluten Percentage
- Dough Raising Capacity ( DRC )
- Mixing Time
- Fermentation Time
- Dividing Weight
- Proving Time
- Proving Temp
- Baking Time
- Baking Temperature
Tamper Proof Packaging For Bread
List Of Wheat Flour Mills In India
Here are few major flour suppliers to bakeries
Rajdhani Flour Mills Ltd
Cargill Foods
Shakti Bhog
Modern Flour Mills Ltd
BTS Flour Mill
Ahaar International
Amar Flour Mills
Delhi Flour Mill Ltd
Sree Vengopal Flour Mills
Shiv Roller Flour Mills
Modi Flour Mills
Rajdhani Roller Flour Mills (p) Ltd
Arti Food and Fats (P) Ltd
Bambino Argo Ind. Ltd
Panchkula Roller Flour Mills (P) Ltd.
Victoria Foods Private Limited
WhenYour Food Packaging Goes Wrong Or Is this Convenience Packaging ?
Baker's Yeast Specification & Standards For Bakeries
Standards for Baker yeast
Bakers Yeast : Saccharomyces
Percentage Moisture
Dispersibility
Fermenting Power
Dough Raising Capacity or DRC ( Most critical )
Proteolytic activity
Heavy metals and alfatoxins
Microbiology Aspects
Bacteria microflora other than yeasts/gm
E.coli / gm
Salmonella/gm
Coliform Count/gm
Rope spore count /g
Storage Conditions - 4-7deg c
Storage Time - Not more than 15 days
Why Water Is Critical For Bakery Operations
Role of water as ingredient
Helps in developing gluten in mixing
Forms emulsion alongwith fat
Forming Solutions for better mixing
Give moisture to end product for better taste
Helps in fermentation
Type of water
Hard
Soft
Alkaline
Source
Treated water from Municipality
Under ground water from bore well
Quantity and Quality of water are critical for better end product . Quantity of water are impacted by quality of flour and other ingredients where as quality can be checked through lab analysis of water characterisitics and adhering of standard water quality prescribed by authorities such as hardness , microbiological counts and heavy metal presence .
For potable water in bakery .Reference has to be BIS standard
Other Usage Of Water In Bakeries
Temperature control
Water is circulated in mixer jackets or added to control dough temperatures
Steam is generated to provide temp and humidity during proving which increases or decreases fermentation time .
Cleaning
Used in large quantity to clean floors and utensils in bakeries . CIP are done for liquid handling systems .Plastic trays and pallets are washed and cleaned by water .
Utility functions
Boiler
Hot water generators
Chilling Plants
Cooling towers
Water treating plants
To get water of desired properties bakeries do install water treatment plant such as RO systems . Filters can be used at end use of water in process to prevent contamination.
Does Your Bakery Have Food Safety Measures ?
Essential Food Safety and Hygiene Management Practices for Bakery and Food Processing Units
Food safety is a non-negotiable requirement in modern bakery and food processing operations. As regulatory standards become stricter and consumer awareness increases, bakery plant owners and quality managers must implement a comprehensive food safety management system (FSMS) covering people, processes, premises, and equipment.
This article provides a structured overview of critical food safety, hygiene, sanitation, and operational controls that every bakery and food factory should have in place to ensure safe, compliant, and high-quality production.
Visitor Policy
A clearly defined visitor policy is essential to prevent contamination. Visitors entering production areas should:
-
Sign a visitor register
-
Wear protective clothing (hair nets, shoe covers, PPE)
-
Be escorted at all times
-
Avoid touching products or equipment
Restricted access zones must be clearly marked.
Jewellery Policy
Jewellery is a major contamination risk. A strict jewellery policy should ensure:
-
No rings, watches, earrings, chains, or piercings
-
Only plain wedding bands allowed where permitted
-
Regular checks by supervisors
This policy prevents physical contamination and microbial risks.
Plastic Policy
Plastic contamination is a common audit non-conformance. A plastic control program should include:
-
Approved food-grade plastics only
-
Register of plastic items used in production
-
Regular inspections and breakage reporting
Use color-coded plastic tools wherever possible.
Glass Policy
Glass poses a high risk of physical contamination. A glass management policy must:
-
Identify all glass items on site
-
Restrict glass in production areas
-
Maintain a glass breakage procedure
-
Conduct routine audits of light fittings, gauges, and windows
Personal Hygiene Checks
Employee hygiene directly impacts food safety. Hygiene checks should cover:
-
Clean hands and trimmed nails
-
No open wounds (or properly covered)
-
No illness symptoms
-
Mandatory hand washing at entry points
Regular hygiene monitoring is essential.
Pest Control Management
A documented pest control management program is mandatory. It should include:
-
Approved pest control agencies
-
Monitoring devices (rodent boxes, insect traps)
-
Trend analysis and corrective actions
-
Proofing of doors, drains, and openings
Pest activity must be recorded and addressed immediately.
Uniform Management
Uniforms help prevent cross-contamination. A proper system includes:
-
Clean uniforms issued daily
-
Separate uniforms for different zones
-
Laundry control (in-house or outsourced)
-
No uniforms worn outside production areas
Sanitation Management
Sanitation ensures hygienic conditions throughout the plant. Key elements include:
-
Cleaning and sanitation SOPs
-
Approved chemicals and concentrations
-
Cleaning schedules and records
-
Verification through visual and microbiological checks
Building Maintenance
A well-maintained building prevents contamination. Maintenance programs should cover:
-
Walls, floors, ceilings
-
Doors, windows, drains
-
Roof leak prevention
-
Cracks and gaps sealing
Poor building condition often leads to audit failures.
Food Safety Management System (FSMS)
An effective FSMS integrates all food safety controls into one system, aligned with:
-
ISO 22000
-
FSSC 22000
-
BRC / IFS
-
FSSAI
It ensures systematic risk control and continuous improvement.
Food Safety Audits
Internal and external audits verify system effectiveness. Audit programs should include:
-
Scheduled internal audits
-
Supplier audits
-
Third-party certification audits
-
Corrective and preventive actions (CAPA)
Audit readiness is a key indicator of food safety maturity.
Storage System for Raw Materials
Raw material storage must prevent contamination and deterioration. Best practices include:
-
FIFO / FEFO systems
-
Palletized storage
-
Temperature and humidity control
-
Clear segregation of allergens and chemicals
Proper Drainage System
Effective drainage prevents water stagnation and microbial growth. Drainage systems should:
-
Have proper slope
-
Be easy to clean
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Prevent backflow
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Be covered and pest-proof
Maintenance System – Lubrication
Equipment maintenance must be food-safe. Lubrication controls should ensure:
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Only food-grade lubricants are used
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Lubrication points are identified
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Records are maintained
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No lubricant contamination of food
Material Construction of Equipment
Equipment must be designed for hygiene. Preferred materials include:
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Stainless steel (SS 304 / SS 316)
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Smooth, non-corrosive surfaces
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Easy-to-clean designs
Poor equipment design leads to hygiene failures.
Water Management
Water quality directly impacts food safety. Water management includes:
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Potable water testing
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Separate lines for potable and non-potable water
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Controlled use in processing and cleaning
Water test reports must be available for audits.
Solid Waste Management
Improper waste handling attracts pests. A waste management system should ensure:
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Covered, color-coded bins
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Frequent waste removal
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Separate organic and inorganic waste
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Clean waste storage areas
Training for Workforce
Trained employees are the backbone of food safety. Training programs should cover:
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GMP and hygiene
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HACCP awareness
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Personal safety and PPE
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Refresher training at defined intervals
Training records are mandatory for compliance.
Supporting Equipment for Hygiene Control
Essential food safety equipment includes:
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Air curtains and PVC strip curtains
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Insect killers (non-shatter type)
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Food-grade pallets
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Rodent bait boxes
These act as preventive barriers.
Metal Detection Systems
Metal detectors help prevent physical contamination. They should:
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Be installed at critical points
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Be calibrated regularly
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Have rejection and record systems
Filters and Sieves
Filters and sieves remove foreign materials from raw materials. Controls include:
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Defined mesh sizes
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Inspection schedules
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Replacement records
Hazard Analysis for HACCP
A documented Hazard Analysis identifies:
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Biological hazards
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Chemical hazards
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Physical hazards
This forms the foundation of HACCP.
CCP Identification (Critical Control Points)
CCPs must be clearly identified, monitored, and controlled. Examples include:
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Baking temperature
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Metal detection
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Cooling controls
PRP and OPRP Management
PRPs and OPRPs support HACCP and include:
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Cleaning and sanitation
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Pest control
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Personal hygiene
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Maintenance
They must be monitored, reviewed, and updated regularly.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
PPE protects both employees and food. Common PPE includes:
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Hair nets and beard covers
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Gloves
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Safety shoes
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Masks and aprons
PPE compliance must be enforced.
Conclusion
A strong food safety culture is built through structured policies, disciplined execution, and continuous monitoring. From visitor control to HACCP implementation, every element plays a vital role in ensuring safe, compliant, and high-quality bakery operations.









